Marie Antoinette's portraits

As many people around the world, I am fascinated with the life of Marie-Antoinette, the most famous queen of France (but not the last one as many people think, but I'll explain another time).


She was the daughter of the Empress of Austria. In 1770, at the age of 14, she was married to the French Dauphin (heir to the throne), Louis Auguste. Their marriage was made to bring peace between France and Austria, which had been enemies for a long time.

Marie Antoinette by Duplessis (unfinished). Photo RMN

Since the marriage was planned, at the end of the 1760's, Marie Antoinette had been portrayed many times, so that some of the paintings could be sent to the French court, where the King and Louis Auguste could see her face. The Dauphine was paying attention to her appearance. In all her portraits, she saw herself as unpretty. The Palace of Versailles even keep some sketches for portraits of Marie-Antoinette which are not completely finished, because she thought it was too ugly.







All changed when she met Elisabeth Vigée-Le Brun. Women painters were rare at court, but Marie Antointette invited her, because she was very pleased with her work.The most famous portrait of the queen was by Mrs. Vigée-Le Brun, in 1783. It is called 'Marie Antoinette à la rose' (Marie Antoinette with a rose). It is a painting that everyone knows today, and one of the most asked in Versailles. People want to see this portrait, because it is the best ever made of the queen. It also has an interesting history.

Sclossmuseum, Darmstadt, Germany (photo RMN)

When Vigée first painted it, she presented it at the Salon. The Salon, was an exhibition of the best French painters of the year. The first painting she presented was a portrait of the queen, dressed in a very simple white dress. This was considered as an offence to monarchy, because a queen could not be shown dressed that simple ! Even though this painting received such a scandal, the 'chemise de la Reine' (Queen's shirt), became quickly the new fashionable dress among noble women.

To keep the painting displayed in the Salon, Vigée-Lebrun had to paint it over. The result is one of the most famous portrait of all art history, which is now exhibited in the first floor antichamber Trianon, in Versailles.

Photo RMN